Chelsea had the lion’s share of possession but failed to break down a resolute Newcastle side, who had taken just four points from their last eight games against the visitors.
Isaac Hayden’s last minute header ensured Steve Bruce’s men took all three points.
Chelsea’s top scorer Tammy Abraham spurned two good chances before Newcastle struck, but Lampard has defended the 22-year-old and demanded more from his fellow attackers.
Callum Hudson-Odoi and Willian, who joined Abraham in a three-man attack, have scored just five Premier League goals between them this season.
"We can't absolutely rely on Tammy Abraham," Lampard told reporters post-match of the England international, who has scored 13 league goals this season.
"We have to have goals from across the frontline if we want to bridge the gap upwards. Tammy has been fantastic this season - it didn't quite come off for him today but that’s football.
"I can't complain about anything from the team really. Of course we don't want to give headers away in our box, they're big and that happens but other than that, we gave everything we could to try to win the game."
Chelsea’s place in the top four remain intact for now but Manchester United can move within two points of Lampard’s men if they can inflict on Liverpool their first league defeat of the season at Anfield on Sunday.
